Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors in Children and Young Adults: Nationwide Survey of 133 Patients under the Auspices of the Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (KSPHO)
Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors in Children and Young Adults: Nationwide Survey of 133 Patients under the Auspices of the Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology (KSPHO)
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nationwide studies on pediatric Ewing sarcoma family of tumor (ESFT), including Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) and primitive neuroectodermal tumor ( PNET), have not been performed in Korea as yet. We thus made investigation into clinical characteristics, practice patterns of individual institution, and outcome of ESFT throughout the nation. PATIENTS & METHODS A retrospective analysis of medical records regarding demography, pathologic types, clinical stages, treatment modalities, chemotherapeutic regimens utilized, and outcome was made. On the whole, 133 pathologically confirmed ESFT patients were recruited from 18 institutions from 1989 to 2008. RESULTS Mean age of 133 patients was 9.3 (range 0.1-31.6) years. Male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Among 133 patients ES patients comprised 67.7% and PNET 32.3%. Tumors of bones, soft tissues, and bones and soft tissues together occupied 22.1%, 48.9%, and 29.0% of total, respectively. Of 109 patients whose IRS clinical groups were documented, group III patients (52.3%) were most common followed by IV (22.9%), I (19.3%), and II (5.5%). One-hundred twenty-five patients had primary diseases and 7 recurrent ones. Sixty-two patients (46.6%) had remote metastasis at diagnosis. Of 83 metastatic sites, bone (53.0%) was most frequently involved followed by lung (22.9%), bone marrow (10.8%), pleura (7.2%), and others (3.6%). Of 131 patients who were given treatment, 100 (76.3%) underwent surgery, 61 (46.6%) chemotherapy, and 61 (46.6%) radiotherapy, and 27 (20.8%) high dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplantation. Chemotherapeutic regimens utilized in 124 patients were CCG7942 (23.4%), CCG7881B (22.6%), CCG321P2 (16.1%), Euro-Ewing99 (12.9%), ICE (3.2%), and others (21.8%). Of 93 patients evaluable for response, 60 patients (64.5%) had been in CR and 5 (5.4%) in SD, 28 (30.1%) at last follow-up. Five-year OS and EFS were 65.2% and 42.3%, respectively with a median follow-up of 22.7 (range 0.1-191.4) months. Of 67 events, 38 relapses, 28 PD, 1 second malignancy were reported. CONCLUSIONS Proportion of remote metastasis at diagnosis was rather high in our study population. Otherwise, clinical characteristics in our patients were not quite different from those described in the literatures. Our data could be used as a basis in developing nationwide protocols and novel researches in ESFT biology.